#HashtagActivism: Networks of Race and Gender Justice (Mit Press)

This well-researched, nuanced study of the rise of social media activism explores how marginalized groups use Twitter to advance counter-narratives, preempt political spin, and build diverse networks of dissent (Ms.) The power of hashtag activism became clear in 2011, when IranElection served as an organizing tool for Iranians protesting a disputed election and offered a global audience a front-row seat to a nascent revolution. Since then, activists have used a variety of hashtags, including JusticeForTrayvon, BlackLivesMatter, YesAllWomen, and MeToo to advocate, mobilize, and communicate. In this book, Sarah Jackson, Moya Bailey, and Brooke Foucault Welles explore how and why Twitter has become an important platform for historically disenfranchised populations, including Black Americans, women, and transgender people. They show how marginalized groups, long excluded from elite media spaces, have used Twitter hashtags to advance counternarratives, preempt political spin, and build diverse networks of dissent. The authors describe how such hashtags as MeToo, SurvivorPrivilege, and WhyIStayed have challenged the conventional understanding of gendered violence; examine the voices and narratives of Black feminism enabled by FastTailedGirls, YouOKSis, and SayHerName; and explore the creation and use of GirlsLikeUs, a network of transgender women. They investigate the digital signatures of the new civil rights movementthe online activism, storytelling, and strategy-building that set the stage for BlackLivesMatterand recount the spread of racial justice hashtags after the killing of Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, and other high-profile incidents of killings by police. Finally, they consider hashtag created by allies, including AllMenCan and CrimingWhileWhite.